Ecosystem restoration- Do you want to know 100% quick information?

Ecosystem restoration suggests the process of helping to recover ecosystems that have been degraded, denigrated, or destroyed and conserving the ecosystems that are still intact. Healthy ecosystems, with rich biodiversity, give us greater benefits such as more fertile soils, timber, and fish, and larger stores of greenhouse gases. 

At first, we have to know Somethings about the Ecosystem: An ecosystem is a community where living and non-living components co-exist both the components interlink by food chain, mineral chain, energy flow. The ecosystem is mainly of two types terrestrial ecosystem, which exists on land, and aquatic ecosystem which exists in water.

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The terrestrial ecosystem consists of forest ecosystem, grassland ecosystem, Dessert ecosystem, and tundra ecosystem whereas the aquatic ecosystem consists of the marine ecosystem and freshwater ecosystem. Due to the food chain, mineral chain, and energy flow of the ecosystem, there is a balance between all these creatures and their life is possible. But this human is also a strange creature. In the greed for more development, we have damaged the ecosystem so much that our existence has been in danger today. So that's why we need to restore the ecosystem and this is called ecosystem restoration, so that’s why we have to re-establish our relationship with nature and take a step forward towards ecosystem restoration. 

Approximately 79M people suffering from hunger, 1.2 billion people struggling with a water problem. Along with this biodiversity, or ecosystem has been also destroyed continuously and it is likely to increase in the future world.

According to research data, by 2030, humans will need 40% more Water, 40% more wood and Fiber, and 50% more food. There is only one way to conserve all these needs, we have to take care of the ecosystem smartly and sustainably. 

That's why we have to focus on ecosystem Restoration next 10 years. So that all creatures can meet their requirement and improve the ecosystem. United Nations has planned8 ecosystem restoration plans. Now I tell you how this ecosystem has been damaged and destroyed and some interesting facts about the ecosystem. 

First is Farmland Ecosystem: due to overuse of land, soil erosion, excessive use of fertilizer, pesticides, our farmland (cultivable land) is decreasing. For the restoration of farmland, we have to reduce the tillage of the land.

Along with this, use of organic fertilizers and pesticides. Trees and different crops have to grow. So that carbon can be reclaimed in the ground and made more fertile. By doing this any country can feed its, growing farmland without using more land.  

            Second is Forest Ecosystem: Man has destroyed the forest for land and resources. More cutting and burning of wood pollution, alien species attack, wildfire due to this, the remaining forest also being ruined. Along with this our food system is also one of the reasons, why the forest ecosystem is being destroyed.

For forest ecosystem restoration, we have to plant new and different kinds of trees. There but yes, we don't have to plant any trees, there we have to only plant back the same type of trees, that were there earlier, by doing so, new trees may come naturally in the forest.

Reconsidering our food system and growing population can also reduce the pressure on the forest. Conversion of uncultivated and damaged lands into the forest is a good example of forest ecosystem restoration. It also means that in actual nutritious patches of forest placed nearby village and humans.

Did you know! The forest provides habitat to 80%of the world's amphibian species. 

Third is Freshwater Ecosystem (lake and river): It's a luxury to have clean and more water. But polluting, overfishing, infrastructure, industries irrigation, and excess use of domestic water causing huge damage to this ecosystem. To restore the freshwater ecosystem, we have to pollute the water least, along with this we have to treat polluted water and moderate use of water. 

Did you know! Many fish eat insects. So, this ecosystem can be restored by planting “insect's friendly plants” on riverbanks. 

4th grassland and savannah ecosystem: By converting shrubs and grassland into cultivable land and then with the alien species invasion of these places this ecosystem is being destroyed. 

Alien species here does not mean anything from another planet, but this species enters from one ecosystem to another and by increasing their population in that ecosystem, it dominates and destroys in. 

To restore grassland and savannah ecosystem include clearing woody vegetation and re-seeding native grass and at the same time eradicating flora and fauna can be re-introduced. Until that flora and fauna are established there again till then provide protection. 

For the grassland ecosystem restoration, it's very important to have herdsmen and local users there. 

did you know! Grassland and savannah are places where humans evolve centuries ago. 

5th mountain ecosystem: Clearing the slope of the mountain for farming and home causes dangerous erosion of mountains and this damaging, rivers getting polluted from the source itself. Due to the rising temperature, creatures and humans living there are forced to acclimatized/relocate from there. For restoration of mountain ecosystem forest must be revived, because of this, we will get protection from disasters like landslides, avalanches, and flood naturally.

Agro-technology like agroforestry is more effective for climate change. Plans for dams and road is made in such a way that the creatures and living people there do not disturb. 

Did you know! More than 600 glaciers have been disappeared in recent decades. Due to this people living in low-lying areas have been affected by water problems. 

6th marine ecosystem: Due to overexploitation of the sea, pollution, and climate change this ecosystem is destroying. For marine ecosystem restoration, we should do sustainable mangrove harvestings. So that the waste, savage water, and plastic do go into the sea and sea does not get polluted. And with this, we have to sustainable fishing and restore seagrass. So that sea can continue to support the world's billions of lives. 

 Did you know! Seagrass is a hidden champion, which captures 35% more carboning compared to tropical forests. 

7th peatland ecosystem: By eliminating the carbon and water reserves in peatland, by converting them into farming land this ecosystem is getting damaged. Along with this, due to pollution, grazing, fire, and peat extraction in such places this ecosystem are getting more damaged. For peatland ecosystem restoration, it's very important to re-wet such places, and to avoid catastrophic climate change it's very important to keep the carbon very wet and under the ground. 

Did you know! Peatland covers only 3% of the world's land but still, it has the world's 1/3% of carbon deposits in its soil. 

8th Urban Ecosystem cities and towns: Cities and towns are like ecological deserts. There is very little space between roads and factories for vegetation and tree plantation. In cities and towns air, water and land are getting polluted due to pollution and waste. But despite all these, cities and towns have lots of scopes and possibilities for ecosystem restoration. 

Did you know! More than 280 species of birds have been recorded in New York Citi's Central Park which is a great example of ecosystem restoration in an urban area.  

So must have understood by article at all these things why whole decade has been chosen, by United Nations for Ecosystem Restoration. Because all these things aren't going to happen in a day or two. For this, you need passions from today onwards. 

We have to re-establish our relationship with nature.